The month of March is traditionally dedicated to honor the glorious Patriarch St. Joseph, foster father of Jesus and most chaste spouse of the Blessed Virgin, through whom the Messiah came to him the royal dynasty rights Davidic. Devotion to St. Joseph, however, had to wait centuries until the great expansion, as if he wanted to remain discreet, preferring to focus attention on the worship of Jesus and His Immaculate Mother. As discussed in the excellent exhibition copy of the Catholic Encyclopedia, even though it is no stranger to the Church from the earliest times the San Jose and worship during the Middle Ages saw this a remarkable development, it was thanks to Saint Teresa of Jesus, his most devout, and she reformed as Caramel began to spread prodigiously, to the point that the last two centuries can to rightly be called "the era josefina, which led to the insertion of the name of the holy patriarch in the Canon of the Mass. Offer, since then: a) a summary of the history of devotion to St. Joseph, b) the first-hand account of a witness of Vatican II about the circumstances that led to the inclusion by the will of Blessed John XXIII c) a pious exercise for each day d) online version of the precious book San Jose Alcañiz Florentino García PR, SI, great apostle of the Sacred Heart Josephine peerless devotee. Joseph was a "righteous man." This praise bestowed by the Holy Spirit, and the privilege of having been chosen by God to be the adoptive father of Jesus and the Spouse of the Virgin Mother, are the foundation of the honors assigned to St. Joseph by the Church. So convincing are these grounds that it is still surprising that the cult of St. Joseph was so slow to gain recognition. The main cause of this is the fact that "during the first centuries of existence of the Church, it was only the martyrs who enjoyed veneration" (Kellner). Far from being ignored or overlooked during the early years of Christianity, St. Joseph's prerogatives were occasionally confronted among the Fathers, even such praise that can not be attributed to writers whose work they find room, testified that the ideas and devotion expressed therein were familiar, not only for theologians and preachers, and should have been readily welcomed by the people. Earliest traces public recognition of the sanctity of St. Joseph are found in the East. His feast, if we can trust the claims of Papebroch, was considered by the Copts as early in the early fourth century. Nicephorus Callistus, whose authority also says know-that in the great basilica erected in Bethlehem (Bethlehem) by St. Helena was a magnificent chapel dedicated in honor of the saint. The truth is, either way, that the feast of "Joseph the Carpenter" is registered on 20 July, in one of the ancient Coptic calendar has come to our hands, as well as a Synazarium of centuries eighth and ninth published by Cardinal Mai ( Script. Vet. Nova Coll. IV, 15 sqq.). Menologies Greeks of a later date at least mention St. Joseph on the 25th or 26th of December, and again his memory together with other saints was made on the two Sundays immediately before and after Christmas.
In the West the name of the adoptive father of our Lord (Nutritor Domini) appears in some local martyrologies ninth and tenth centuries, and found in 1129, for the first time, a church dedicated in his honor at Bologna. His devotion, then only private as appeared to be gained great momentum due to the influence and zeal of the saints of the likes of St. Bernard, St. Thomas Aquinas, St. Gertrude (d. 1310), and St. Bridget of Sweden (d. 1373). According to Benedict XIV (De Serv . Dei beatified. , I, iv, n. 11, xx, n. 17), "the general opinion of the learned is that the Carmelite Fathers were the first to import from the East the West the laudable practice of rendering him a complete devotion to San Jose. His feast, introduced to the end shortly afterwards, in the Dominican calendar, was slowly gaining a foothold in many dioceses of Western Europe. Among the most zealous promoters of the devotion at that time, San Vicente Ferrer (d. 1419), Peter d'Ailly (d. 1420), San Bernardino of Siena (d. 1444), and Jehan Charlier Gerson (d. 1429), deserves special mention Gerson, who, in 1400, composed an Office of Betrothal of Joseph particularly at the Council of Constance (1414), as a means of promoting public recognition of the cult of St. Joseph. Just under Pope Sixtus IV (1471-1984), blessed the efforts of these men were rewarded by the Roman calendar (March 19), which was included in 1476, by order of the pope's party in honor of holy patriarch still holds today. From that time the devotion acquired increasing popularity, and dignity of the party was keeping its strong relationship with growth. First it was only a festum simplex, and was soon elevated to a double rite by Innocent VIII (1484-1492), declared by Gregory XV in 1621 as a mandatory holiday, at the behest of Emperor Ferdinand III and Leopold I and King Carlos II of Spain, and was elevated to the rank of double celebration of the second class by Clement XI (1700-21). Further, Benedict XIII (Orsini), in 1726, added the name of San Jose in the Litany of the Saints.
A holiday in the year, however, was not considered sufficient to meet the popular piety. Betrothal Feast of the Blessed Virgin and St. Joseph, so strenuously advocated by Gerson, and granted by Paul III to the Franciscans, and then to other religious orders and individual dioceses, was, in 1725, granted to all countries that requested it. Proper Job, compiled by the Aurat Pierto Dominican, he was assigned, and the date set on 23 January. This was not all: the reformed Discalced Carmelite Order, in which Santa Teresa infused her great devotion to the adoptive father of Jesus, chose him in 1621, as its patron, and in 1689, were allowed to celebrate the feast of his Patronage on the third Sunday after Easter. This feast, soon adopted along the entire Kingdom of Spain, was later extended to all states and dioceses which asked for the privilege. No other devotion, perhaps, has grown so universal as this, nor any other seemed to have attracted so strongly to the hearts of Christians, and particularly the working classes during the nineteenth century, like this one in San Jose.
This wonderful and unprecedented rise in popularity has been another new award to be attached to the cult of the saint. Additionally, one of the first acts of the pontificate of Pius IX (being himself particularly devout of St. Joseph) was to extend to the whole Church the feast Sponsorship (1847). In December 1870, according to the wishes of the bishops and the entire congregation, Mastai Pope solemnly declared the Holy Patriarch Joseph, as Patron of the universal Church, and ruled that his feast (19 March) there should henceforth be celebrated as a double first class (but without octave, because of Lent). Following in the footsteps of his predecessors, Leo XIII and St. Pius X showed a similar desire to add their own jewel to the crown of San Jose: the first, allowing on certain days the reading of the votive Office of the saint, and the second passing, the March 18, 1909, a litany in honor of him whose name he received at his baptism (Giuseppe Sarto). But the most momentous step was taken by the Blessed John XXIII (who had already published on 19 March 1961, his apostolic letter Le Voci on promoting devotion josefina): entering the name of the Glorious Patriarch nothing less than in the canon of the Mass (Communicantes) , immediately after the mention of the Blessed Virgin. Should review the interesting history of this addition to the Roman Missal. To this effect, we transcribe the passages on the priceless book of RP Ralph Wiltgen, SVD The Rhine flows Into the Tiber on the Vatican Council II.
Fr Wiltgen was inserted tells how the
"The last speaker to take the floor on October 30 [1962] was Bishop Sansierra, Auxiliary Bishop of San Juan de Cuyo in Argentina. He expressed the hope that not forget "the desire to have a large number of bishops and priests" to see the name of St. Joseph in the canon of the Mass. On November 5, the same request was made, but with more details, Cousineau Bishop, Bishop of Cap Haitien in Haiti, a former top St. Joseph's Oratory in Montreal, who requested that "the name of St. Joseph, husband of the Blessed Virgin Mary, is introduced in the Mass every time you mention of the Blessed Virgin" .
"At the end of the Eighteenth General Congregation, held on 13 November, the Cardinal Secretary of State made a statement in this regard. He said the Holy Father willing to conform to vote "expressed by many Council Fathers" , had decided to insert the name of St. Joseph in the Canon of the Mass, immediately after the Blessed Virgin Mary. That measure would serve later for remember that St. Joseph was the patron of the Second Vatican Council. "The Holy Father's decision " added the cardinal enter into force on December 8 and meanwhile the Sacred Congregation of Rites will prepare the necessary documents ".
" Cardinal Montini was to say later that this initiative unexpected was "a surprise given the council for the Pope" .
"Certain media have heavily criticized John XXIII for having taken what they called an independent measure while the ecumenical council was in full work. In effect, this decree was not but the result of campaigns, sporadic but intense, conducted since 1815: hundreds of thousands of signatures of bishops and lay people had reached the Vatican. These campaigns were particularly intense when it was announced the convening of the First Vatican Council by Pope Pius IX and of the Second Vatican Council by Pope John XXIII. Nothing more known the latter, Bishop Joseph Phelan, the church of San Jose, Capitola in California, had spread with the help of his parishioners, a request which managed to collect about 150,000 signatures.
"The main responsibility of the action taken by John XXIII rested, however, the Fathers of the Holy Cross Roland Gauthier and Guy Bertrand directors of research and documentation center of the Oratory of San José de Montréal, which in 1961 had written a 75 page booklet which outlined the history of these campaigns. It outlined how the insertion of the name of San Jose after the Blessed Virgin Mary in the Canon of the Mass would have the effect, doctrinal and liturgical, official recognition of the primacy of the sanctity of San José on all saints, except Mary. In collaboration with the Barefoot Carmelites of the Iberoamerican Society of Josefología of Valladolid and the Fathers of the Blessed San Jose Leonardo Murialdo Research Center San Jose de Viterbo, those two parents of the Santa Cruz had been able to publish the English translations, French, English, Portuguese and Italian versions of the brochure, which made you a copy together with a request to the council fathers long before the opening of the Council.
"Mid-March 1962 had been submitted six volumes of petitions signed by 30 cardinals, 436 patriarchs, archbishops and bishops and 60 general superior to John XXIII, who, after having examined the signatures, said " Something shall be in San Jose ". These firms only served to confirm his personal desire is indeed something special in honor of St. Joseph, to which a child professed a special devotion.
"On October 19, three days before it opened the discussion of the schema on the liturgy in the classroom, P. Edward Heston, the Fathers of the Holy Cross, which had referred the petitions on behalf of the three institutions mentioned above, had been officially informed that the Pope had decided to proceed with the proposal and that he would order the insertion of the name San Jose in the Canon of the Mass ".
November 13 announced in the council hall "sovereign decision" of John XXIII. That same day a decree of the Sacred Congregation of Rites, signed Larraona by Cardinal, Prefect, and Archbishop Dante, secretary, made public and binding. This was the only modification made to the typical edition of the Roman Missal of 1962 until the very recent of Benedict XVI by changing the form of solemn Good Friday prayer for Jews. It was certainly a desirable and desired enrichment, and an act of justice toward the Glorious Patriarch, who appeared for the purpose mentioned in the Sacrifice of Redemption in an economy that had much to do, so much so that, as stated Jesuit Fr Alcaniz, including in some way in the hypostatic order, which contributed to form peculiar way.
Ejercicio diario para el mes de marzo
Este ejercicio consta de cinco oraciones sacadas del precioso devocionario clásico Coeleste Palmetum y de las Letanías a San José aprobadas por San Pío X en 1905. Ponemos los textos en latín y su respectiva traducción española.
I. Oratio, qua S. Ioseph in patronum eligitur
O S. IOSEPH, Redemptoris mei Christi Iesu fidelis oeconome ac nutricie, castissime Virginis Deiparae sponse! Ego NN. te hodie in patronum et advocatum meum singularem eligo, firmiterque propono, me numquam te derelictum, nec permissurum, ut a quoquam ex meis subditis aliquid contra tuum honorem agatur. A te igitur peto suppliciter, ut me in clientem perpetuum suscipere, in rebus dubiis instruere, in adversis solari, in hora denique mortis defendere ac protegere dignaris. Amen.
Pater, Ave et Gloriapatri
I. Oración para elegir a San José como patrono
¡Oh San José, ecónomo y nutricio de mi Redentor Jesucristo y castísimo esposo de la Virgen Madre de Dios! Yo NN. Te elijo como patrono y abogado mío y propongo firmemente que nunca dejaré ni permitiré que ninguno de los que me están sometidos haga alguna cosa contra tu honor. A ti, pues, pido suplicante que te dignes aceptarme como perpetuo devoto tuyo, instruirme en las dudas, confortarme en las adversidades y defenderme y protegerme en la hora de la muerte. Así sea.
Padrenuestro, Avemaría y Gloria
II. Oratio, ad impetrandam D. Ioseph intercessione gratiam pie communicandi
O BEATISSIME IOSEPH, quanta tibi a Deo gratia concessa est, quod unigenitum eius Filium in carne (quem tot reges videre frustra exoptarunt) non tantum videris, sed et brachiis paterno affectu amplexus fueris! Utinam ego hoc tuo exemplo inflammatus, et patrocinio adiutus, Dominum ac Redemptorem meum Christum Iesum simili amoris ac reverentiae affectu complectar in sanctissimo Altaris Sacramento, quo merear eundem posthac aeternum complecti in caelis. Amen.
Pater, Ave et Gloriapatri
II. Oración pidiendo a San José que nos alcance la gracia de comulgar piadosamente
¡Oh, Santísimo José, cuánta es la gracia que recibiste de Dios, no sólo de ver a su Hijo Unigénito encarnado (por lo que tantos patriarcas y reyes suspiraron), sino también de estrecharlo entre tus brazos con afecto paternal! Ojalá I, inflamed by your example and help of your sponsorship, join me in close embrace of love and reverence similar, in the Blessed Sacrament, my Lord and Savior Jesus Christ, who can embrace after this life forever in heaven. So be it.
Father, Hail Mary and Gloria
III. Oratio, ut S. Ioseph in via vitae huius et comitem impetremus Ducem
O S. Ioseph! manuductor et qui tanquam pater in pueritia et Christum Jesum per omnes Peregrinationis iuventute humanae vias fidelissime deduxisti: et mihi Obsecro in vitae meae et peregrinatione eat tanquam driver assiste, nec unquam permitte me a via mandatorum Dei declinare; sis in adversis praesidium, in aerumnis solatium, donec tandem ad terram viventium perveniam, ubi tecum et sanctissima sponsa tua Maria, omnibusque Sanctis aeternum in Deo Iesu meo exultem. Amen.
Pater, Ave et Gloriapatri
III. Oración para invocar a San José como guía y compañero en el camino de esta vida
¡Oh San José, que como padre y mentor fidelísimamente condujiste a Jesucristo durante su infancia y juventud por los senderos del humano discurrir! También a mí asísteme como compañero y guía a través de todas las vicisitudes de mi vida y no permitas que me desvíe del camino de los mandamientos de Dios. Sé para mí refugio en las adversidades y consuelo en las penas, hasta que llegue finalmente a la tierra de los vivos, donde contigo y tu Santísima Esposa María, así como con todos los Santos, exulte para siempre en mi Dios y Señor Jesucristo. Así sea.
Padrenuestro, Avemaría y Gloria
IV. Oratio, ad quaelibet D. Ioseph intercessione impetranda
O S. IOSEPH! cui Iesus hic in terris sese subiecit, prompteque oboedivit, quemque singulari semper honore et amore prosecutus est; quomodo idem in caelis, ubi tua nunc remunerantur merita, quidquam tibi denegabit? Ora pro me, o S. Ioseph! gratiamque impetra imprimis, ut peccata omnia serio detester et fugiam, praesertim ista NN. vitam in melius emendem, constanterque me in virtutum studio impendam, praesertim istarum NN ab his NN tentationibus, et peccati occasionibus, quibus anima mea in periculum damnationis induci posset, et ab afflictione ac miseria hac N. nisi divinae id voluntati, meaeque saluti adversetur, liberer. In his tamen et aliis omnibus totum me divino arbitrio et dispositioni, tuaeque paternae fidei, O S. Ioseph! subiicio et committo. Amen.
Pater, Ave et Gloriapatri
IV. Oratio para pedir San Jose
grace Oh
San José, whom he wanted to submit here on earth, due diligence and always honored with a special tribute and love!, how in heaven, where your merits are rewarded , will deny him anything? Pray for me, San Jose, and obtain for me these graces: first, that of hate and flee from all my sins seriously, especially, to amend my life in this, this and this, that I devoted to commitment and constancy the practice of virtues, in particular this and this, and be rid of these temptations (point) of the occasions of sin, which can lead mi alma a la condenación eterna, y de esta aflicción y miseria (señalar) si ello no se opone a la divina voluntad y a mi salvación. En estas cosas como en todas las demás me someto y me encomiendo al divino arbitrio y sus disposiciones y a tu paternal protección, ¡oh San José!
Padrenuestro, Avemaría y Gloria
V. Oratio, pro felici morte impetranda
O S. IOSEPH! qui in suavissimo Iesu clientis tui, et dulcissimae sponsae tuae Mariae complexu ex hac vita emigrasti: succurre mihi, o S. Pater! cum Iesu et Maria, tunc potissimum, quando mors vitae meae finem imponet; illudque (Quod peto unice) solatium implore mihi, ut in iisdem sanctissimis Iesu et Mariae brachiis exspirem. Vivens In manus vestra meum et moriens commenda spiritum, Iesus, Maria, Ioseph! Amen.
Pater, Ave et Gloriapatri
V. Prayer for a good death
Oh, you left this life in the arms of your adopted child sweetest Jesus and your sweet wife Mary! Help me, above all, O Holy Patriarch, along with Jesus and Mary when death put an end to my life, and obtain for me the consolation (which is all I ask) the expiry of those mismos brazos de Jesús y de María. En vuestras manos, en la vida y en la hora de la muerte, encomiendo mi espíritu, oh Jesús, María y José! Así sea.
Padrenuestro, Avemaría y Gloria
Iesu, Maria, Ioseph, vobis cor et animam meam dono
Iesu, Maria, Ioseph, adstate mihi in extreme agóne.
Iesu, Maria, Ioseph, in pace vobiscum dormiam et requiescam.
Jesús, José y María, os doy el corazón y el alma mía.
Jesús, José y María, asistidme en mi última agonía.
Jesús, José y María, expire en paz con vosotros el alma mía.
Litaniae Sancti Ioseph
Kyrie, eleison
Christe, eleison
Kyrie, eleison
Christe, audi nós
Christe, exaudi nós
Páter de caelis, Déus, miserere nobis
Fili, Redémptor mundi, Déus, miserere nobis
Spíritus sancte, Déus, miserere nobis
Sancta Trínitas, unus Déus, miserere nobis
Sancta María, ora pro nobis (se repite en cada una de las invocaciones)
Sancte Ióseph
Proles Dávid ínclyta
Lumen Patriarchárum
Déi Genitricis sponse
Custos pudice Vírginis
Fílii Déi nutrície
Christi defénsor sédule
Almae Famíliae praeses
Ióseph iustíssime
Ióseph castíssime
Ióseph prudentíssime
Ióseph fortíssime
Ióseph obedientíssime
Ióseph fidelíssime
Spéculum patiéntiae
Amátor paupertatis
Exémplar opíficum
Domésticae vitae decus
Custos vírginum
Familiárum cólumen
Solátium miserórum
Spes aegrotántium
Patrone moriéntium
Térror daémonum
Protéctor sanctae Ecclésiae
Agnus Déi, qui tollis peccata mundi, parce nobis, Dómine
Agnus Déi, qui tollis peccata mundi, exaudi nós, Dómine
Agnus Déi, qui tollis peccata mundi, miserere nobis
V. Constítuit éum dóminum domus súae.
R. Et príncipem omnis possesionis súae.
Oremus: Deus, qui ineffábili providéntia beátum Ióseph sanctíssimae Genitricis túae spónsum elígere dignatus es: praesta quaésumus; ut quem protectórem venerámur in terris, intercessórem habere mereámur in caelis: Qui vivis et regnas in saéculam saeculorum. R. Amen.
Fac innocuam us, Ioseph, decúrrere vitam: sitque tua nobis tuta sponsorship.
Litany of St. Joseph
Christ, have mercy
lord have mercy
Christ, hear us
Christ, hear us God the Father
Heaven, Have mercy on us God the Son Redeemer
the world, have mercy on us
God the Holy Spirit, have mercy on us
Holy Trinity, one God, have mercy on us
Holy Mary, pray for us
St. Joseph, pray for us (repeat on each invocation)
illustrious descendant of David
Luminary of the Patriarchs, Spouse of the Mother of God Guardian
chaste Virgin
Father nurturing of the Son of God
tireless defender of Christ Head of the Holy Family
most just
José José José prudent
most chaste
fortissimo
José José José obedient
most faithful mirror of patience
poverty Amador Model
workers Honor of domestic life
Virgin Custodian of Warding
families Solace of the wretched
Hope of patients dying
Patron of Terror of demons
Protector of Holy Church
Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, spare us, Lord
Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, hear us, Lord
Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world, have mercy on us.
V. He was master of his house.
R. And prince of all his possessions.
O God, that ineffable providence you were pleased to choose Saint Joseph the husband of your Blessed Mother, please let us Bestow it, as we venerate him as a protector on earth, deserve to have him advocate in the sky: You live and reign forever and ever. R. Amen.
San Jose, just to live an innocent life is always insured under your sponsorship.
(click on title above to access the book)
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